List of alien species of zoobenthos recorded in the Black Sea,
|
Taxonomic groups, species |
Year of discovery in the Black Sea |
|
Protozoa, Foraminifera |
|
| Sorites orbiculus (Forskål in Niebuhr,, 1775) | 2010 |
|
Coelenterata, Hydrozoa |
|
| Blackfordia virginica (Mayer, 1910) | 1925 |
| Bougainvillia muscus (Allman, 1863) | 1933 |
| Garveia franciscana (Torrey, 1902) | 1932 |
| Eudendrium vaginatum (Allman, 1863) | 1990 |
| Eudendrium capillare (Allman, 1856) | 1990 |
| Pachycordyle navis (Millard, 1959) | 2002 |
| Campanulina pumila (Clark, 1875) | 1990 |
|
Anthozoa, Actiniaria |
|
| Diadumene lineata (Verrill, 1869) | 1960 |
| Sagartia elegans (Dalyell, 1848) | 2008 |
| Entoprocta, Kamptozoa | |
| Urnatella gracilis Leidy, 1851 | 1950 |
|
Annelida, Polychaeta |
|
| Hesionides arenaria (Friedrich, 1937) | 1950s |
| Sigambra tentaculata (Treadwell, 1941) | 1960s |
| Ficopomatus enigmaticus (Fauvel, 1923) | 1929 |
| Polydora cornuta (Bosk, 1802) | 1962 |
| Glycera capitata (Oersted, 1843) | 1970s |
| Nephthys ciliata (Muller, 1776) | 1960s |
| Streptosyllis varians Webster & Benedict, 1887 | 1964 |
| Capitellethus dispar (Ehlers, 1907) | 1959 |
| Magelona mirabilis (Johnston, 1845) | 1970s |
| Polydora websteri Hartman in Loosanoff & Engle, 1943 | 1990 |
| Streblospio shrubsolii (Buchanan, 1890) | 1957 |
| Streblospio gynobranchiata Rice & Levin, 1998 | 2001 |
| Dipolydora quadrilobata (Jacobi, 1883) | 1990s |
| Hydroides dianthus (Verrili, 1873) | 2009 |
| Prionospio pulchra Imajima, 1990 | 2000 |
|
Annelida, Oligochaeta |
|
| Tubificoides benedii (Udekem, 1855) | 1916 |
|
Crustacea, Cirripedia |
|
| Amphibalanus improvisus (Darwin, 1854) | 1844 |
| Amphibalanus eburneus (Gould, 1841) | 1892 |
| Amphibalanus amphitrite (Darvin, 1854) | 1844 |
|
Crustacea, Isopoda |
|
| Sphaeroma walker (Stebbing, 1905) | 2004 |
| Saduria entomon (Linnaeus, 1758) | 2009 |
|
Crustacea, Decapoda |
|
| Rhithropanopeus harrisii (Gould, 1841) | 1934 |
| Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896 | 1967 |
| Eriocheir sinensis H. Milne Edwards, 1853 | 1934 |
| Palaemon macrodactylus Rathbun, 1902 | 2008 |
| Hemigrapsus sanguineus (De Haan, 1835) | 2008 |
| Dyspanopeus sayi (Smith, 1869) | 2009 |
| Sirpus zariquieyi Gordon, 1953 | 1982 |
| Penaeus semisulcatus De Haan, 1844 [in De Haan, 1833-1850] | 2005 |
| Penaeus japonicus Spence Bate, 1888 | 1970s |
| Pandalus latirostris Rathbun, 1902 | 1959 |
|
Mollusca, Opisthobranchia |
|
| Trinchesia perca (Er. Marcus, 1958) | 2007 |
|
Mollusca, Gastropoda |
|
| Corambe obscura (A. E. Verrill, 1870) | 1986 |
| Potamopyrgus antipodarum ( Gray, 1843) | 1951 |
| Rapana venosa (Valenciennes, 1846) | 1946 |
| Neptunea arthritica (Valenciennes, 1858) | 2000 |
| Ercolania viridis (A.Costa, 1866) | 2001 |
|
Mollusca, Bivalvia |
|
| Teredo navalis Linnaeus, 1758 | 750-500 BC |
| Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793) | 1900-1910 |
| Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791) | 1973 |
| Mya arenaria Linnaeus, 1758 | 1966 |
| Anadara kagoshimensis (Tokunaga, 1906) | 1968 |
| Mytilopsis leucophaeata (Conrad, 1831) | 2000 |
| Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758 | 1990 |
| Mytilus trossulus Gould, 1850 | 2001 |
| Perna viridis (Linnaeus, 1758) | 2000 |
| Arcuatula senhousia (Benson, 1842) | 2002 |
| Corbicula fluminea (O. F. Müller, 1774) | 1995-1999 |
| Pteria hirundo (Linnaeus, 1758) | 2002 |
| Ruditapes philippinarum (Adams & Reeve, 1850) | 1985 |
|
Echinodermata, Asteroidea |
|
| Asterias rubens Linnaeus, 1758 | 2003 |
|
Chordata, Ascidiacea |
|
| Styela clava Herdman, 1881 | 2004 |
| Molgula manhattensis (De Kay, 1843) | 1971 |